Triathlon history

Triathlon - Olympic Sports

Triathlon is the sport of endurance excellence. It consists of three sports: swimming, cycling and running.

History

Triathlon appears for the first time in France in the 1920s, played a timely manner each year, near Joinville-le-Pont, and at Melun and Poissy. It takes for successive names: Three Sports, Race and Race Débrouillards the key to everything. It consisted of a race bike 7 km race walk 5 km and a swimming race of 200 m. Tradition suburban unambitious, it perpetuates itself in total anonymity.

The triathlon was initially conceived in the 1970s by the Athletic Club of San Diego, California, the San Diego Track Club. The first competition consisted of a race of 10 km, 8 km of cycling and 500m swimming.

The first American triathlon takes place at Fiesta Island (Southern California - near San Diego) in 1975, over distances of 800m swim, 8 km bike and 8 km run. But in Hawaii Triathlon wrote that the first page of its history. It will be called "Ironman" (Iron Man). At a table in the restaurant Primo Gardens, somewhere in the Polynesian Village in Honolulu and around Pearl Harbor, that Captain John Collins, a veteran of the U.S. Navy stationed in Hawaii, is launching an evening of 1977, challenge of combining and chaining in a single test the three toughest competitions in the archipelago:

• Ia Waikiki Rough Water Swim, swimming, 3.8 kilometers long

• Around Oahu Bike Race around the island by bicycle, a total distance 179 km

• The Honolulu Marathon: 42,195 km.

He hopes to take his revenge on the Sea Cadets, who just beat his team of veterans in a relay race, Oahu Perimeter Relay Race. On February 18, 1978, is the impossible feat, and Gordon Haller entered the legend by becoming the first "Ironman Hawaii" He buckled the 225 km of this challenge 11 h 46 'and 58 ". 12 of 15 competitors finished the race involved. The first woman to have participated was Lynn Lemaire, who curled the test in 1979 in 12:55! Barry McDermott, sports reporter, describing the first edition in Sports Illustrated. A story on ABC two years later , made this annual event, a global event.

The International Federation

Key Dates

1989 First World Championship Sprint (1.5 km swim, 40km bike and 10km run) won by Mark Allen USA men and Erin Baker NZE women

1994 First World Championship long distance (4 km swim, 120 km bike and 30 km run) won by Rob Barel NED men and Isabelle Mouthon FRA women.

Triathlon and Olympism

Recognized Olympic sport in 1994, triathlon is the Olympic program since 2000 in the shortened version, the short distance: a race of 1.5 km swim, 40 km bike and 10km run. After a mass start, the race takes place in a single stroke, without breaks between the three parties. The transitions are essential in terms of race strategy. The women finished in just over two hours, and men about one hour fifty minutes. The race of women dispute the morning of the first day of the Games, and men run the next day.

Principle

The Triathlon is an endurance sports event consisting of three different disciplines and normally chained successively in the following order: Freestyle - Cycling - Running.

A triathlete effective transitions is approximately 1 '30 "to change after swimming and 30" to 45 "after the bicycle race. Let 1'30" to 2'15 "for the two transitions that occur during a triathlon!

Tests

Swimming

All strokes are allowed. Departures diving are prohibited. You can walk or run on the background to the arrival and departure, but the support on the merits should not be used for time-saving act. The water temperature must be above 19 ° C.

It is allowed to mark a pause hanging from a water line to a buoy at a fixed or a boat. The course swimming against the current are prohibited.

Cycling

The bike leg is a course in

iduelle against time. Athletes can reach speeds of 45 km / h. Each competitor must check the condition of his bike before the race and its compliance with regulations. No outside assistance is permitted even made by another competitor. It must therefore obtain the necessary repairs and perform only its repairs.

The helmet, chin strap tight, is required throughout the bike leg when the competitor mounts his bicycle to the time it fell.

Running

Run or Walk (you can not crawl). It is forbidden to run topless or running with his bike helmet.

A triathlete swimming penalized must be warned before going on to running.

The Timing

It is with a microchip that is attached to the ankle of every triathlete. The chip is connected to a satellite system (GPS) providing real time information on competitors.

Distances

Recently there Ironman 70.3, a competition of Triathlon and the Ironman that

ise distance 2:

Swim: 1.9 kilometers (instead of 3.86 km) - Cycling: 90 km (instead of 108, 2 km) and running: 21.1 kilometers (instead of 42.2 kilometers).

Derivatives Triathlon

Triathlon Snow

Triathlon Snow is a test of endurance sport which involves chain, successively, by the same athlete, the three disciplines that are cross-country skiing - cycling - running (in that order or in a different order depending on the conditions Climate and snow).

The distance triathlon Snow

- Sprint Distance: 5 km cross-country, 15 km of cycling and 4 to 5 km race walk.

- Short Distance: 10 to 12 km of cross country skiing, 30 to 35 km cycling and 9 to 11 km of running.

- Average Distance: 12 to 20 km of cross country skiing, 35 to 70 km cycling and 12 to 20 km running.

Duathlon

The duathlon is an endurance sport event which is to bind the two disciplines of running and cycling, and this in turn and in the following order: Running - Cycling - Running.

The distances in duathlon

- Short Distance: 10 km race walk, 40 km bike ride and 5km run.

- Average distance: 15 km race walk, 60 km bike and 7.5 km race walk.

Xterra

The nature of triathlon version which is to bind successively by the same athlete, the three disciplines are: running, mountain biking in nature and jogging trail on the sections 'trail'. The specialist is a former world champion triathletes, Olivier Marceau, Vice-world champion of the specialty in 2004 and European champion in 2005.

Duathlon Snow

The duathlon snow chain is two sports that are running and skiing.

The test of skiing is done in freestyle.

Distance Duathlon in Snow

- Sprint Distance: 1 to 2 km of running, 3 to 5 km cross-country skiing and 1 to 2 km of running.

- Short Distance: 4.5 to 5.5 kilometers of running, 10 to 15 km of cross country skiing and 15 to 20 km running.

- Average Distance: 6.5 to 7.5 kilometers of running, 15 to 20 km of cross country skiing and 6.5 kilometers to 7.5 kilometers of running.

There are also

the vétathlon

Aquathlon

2.5 kilometers race walk - 1km swim - 2.5 km race walk

The world championships have been held since 1998.

Next Page